Automated Control

The Stanford Cart

What's Automated Control?

The mechanised command of tasks. The machines controlling the operations are most often computers using programs that provide instructions or step by step details of how to produce the needed output. Humans design and maintain the programs but the machines have control. The first independent computer controlled vehicle was the Stanford Cart in 1973.It was able to navigate a room full of chairs.

Traffic-light sensing devices

Traffic light systems use computer tracking devices to automate their operation. A traffic
system monitors traffic signals. Input comes from sensors installed under the road surface. As vehicles travel over the sensors, they are counted and the traffic signals will change to
meet changing traffic patterns.The sensors are loops containing a magnetic field and a vehicle travelling will disturb this field. When maintenance and repair is ongoing,as the road surface distorts. This may damage the loop. When a sensor is found to be faulty,the traffic system dials into the system and checks if the problem still exists(e.g. when a car is parked on a sensor for a long time, there might be faulty signal but the sensor is okay). If the problem persists, the system will load a fault management system. A technician will respond and go to the site to check out to problem and repair if if possible. If further attention is needed the fault management system database is upgraded to include the fault and priority for repair(this is set by the technician).Next,the road is inspected by an inspector who decides whether the road surface needs to be opened...

Actuators and sensors used to operate Automatic Doors

Motion Sensor
Automatic doors requires sensors to detect movement and actuators to operate the doors via a motor to carry out the task. Motion sensors use infra-red beams and detect when the beam is broken,pressure sensors are used under mats an activate a switch when weight is applied to the mat located either side of the door.The doors will then respond when movement occurs using actuators such as pneumatic motors driven by compressed air that spin at a very fast rate and respond quickly.